Method of ornamentation



Feb. 9, 192e.

. J. J. CAROW METHOD 0F ORNAMENTATION Filed May 29, 1923 eral types of configuration at will.

Patented Feb. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES JOI-IN J. CAROW, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

METHOD 0F ORNAMENTATION.

Application `filed May 29, 1923. Serial No. 642,205.

To all 107mm t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN J. Cimow, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented Certain new aiitliisefiil Improvements in Methods of Urnamentation, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has for an object to provide a method of ornamentation suitable for use both in embellishment of surfaces and in forming screen elements to be viewed by transmitted light.

It is an aim to enable the production of distinctive designs withoutlimitation, yet permitting the production ofseveral gen- Another object is to enable the production of various pleasing "color designs in similar ligure motifs, or widely different figure effects in the same color scheme. Another' aim is to present a method `of forming small nnits from large ones, and for enabling a single pattern piece to be formed in a checker board pattern or appearance; 'Another aimV is to present a method of producing original and desirable designs without requiring artistic ability on the part ofthe artisan, but enabling` the employment of persons after very short training, to carry out gen-` eral instructions of another competent to determine the proper select-ion and use of colors, and the mixing of mediums for carrying pigments or other color materials.

Additional objects, advantages and features of invention are involved, as may be understood from the following description and accompanying` drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a representation of one general character of design produ'cible by my method, using thin color medium,

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modification of the effect in theiirst design, using thicker medium, i

Fig. 3 `is a view representing one stage of the method, j

Fig. 4: is a similarview showing a further stage,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of two ele ments in course of ornamentation illustrating the manner of separating twoelements of glass inthe execution of the process.

Fig. 6 is a cross section of an element ornamented by my method,

Fig. 7 is a similar View of; an element when intended for .surface ornamentation.

Figure 8 yis a fragmentary face view of a checker-board eff-ect produced with my invention.

Figure 9 is aV fragmentary cross section of a puzzle structure,

In my Patent #1,204,711.3issued November 14th, 1916, there is illustrated a method and means for decoration which is applicable in part in carrying out my present invention, if desired. My present invention may be utilized in making tile elements to be applied as indicated in the patent mentioned, as well as in many additional ways for which it is suitable.

In the main, my invention is utilized in preparing elements for surface decoration using transparent glass as a carrying body for a decorative design applied to one side thereof. But it may be utilized for making an attractive pattern on glass for use as a screen, without destroying its transparency, or obstructing the Vview there- 'y through only in part if desired.; Also, the j invention may be used for decorating ythe surfaces of opaque objects by adaptation of the same method used on transparent materials.

In the simplest form of the invention, two pieces of glass, a and Z), of the `same size are taken and coated each with asi1nilar paint c, or other color medium, the medium being either flowed on or applied with a brush; and the two vpieces are then pressed together with their paiinted surfaces contacting. (lare must be taken to see that all airis expelled from between the coated surfaces. The pieces are adjusted with their edges alined, and next a knife or suitable wedge is entered between the plates at one corner," just sufficiently to start the plates separating slowly. Here it should be stated that preferably the glass should be thin enough in proportion to its thickness, it is believed,` to permit a slight bend# ing thereof, which is permitted by the resilience of the glass so that a progressive separation occurs from the point of first separation. This may not ,be essential in all instances however, and discretion may be exercised in this, governed by the character of pattern desired, and the effects which experience will show result from varying qualities in the carryingbody as `the glass or other material may be termed As )the two plates separate, the Wedge or knife miV is turned o'r Worked seas to :further pry the plates apart, until they may finally be removed from contact with each other entirely. s

In the initial operation, the edges are separated suiliciently to create ayacuous condition therebetween and to admit air, which at once begins to enter at irregularly spaced points between the coated surfaces. As the elasticityeot' the'plates causes a stress by ing von the glass is partly or entirely pressedy away from the arr paths, iorming plant-likeV patterns eittending inivard' from the 'edges of the plates, somewhat similar design being formed on both plates, although they will be inodilied, according lasone is faced dow and the -other upl Y The character of the pattern will be affected bythe speed fivithwhich the plates are separated, and' also byvthe `viscosity et the color medium.- Thus, Va 'thick and sti'cly medium' will' produce a pattern havin small iigures in the detail,ivhile a thin n'iedium will produce larger elements inv the design. Also, slow separation is conductive to more complete simulation ot plantgrowth, While ra :iid 'separation will Aproduce a morevari ed ellect havingfless continuity, andina-lading many dots and 's ivirls For the color' applied to produce this pattern one isselected which may be eoverediv'ith ya cnntnstingcolor (l to shou7 the pattern against 'a suitable ground; Black maybe used, to be linished with a groun'd ot' White. Manydili'erent desirable effects may be produced with the saine patternk color, jby` varying the color o'tthe ground. Thus, when using White I lhave employed black, pink, blue, and other colors, and also metal paints, includingbronze and other powders, alternatively. Some ot the patternsv simulate the veining of marble 'and others lsuggest plant forms.v

Large bodies may be' iigured in this Way and utilized as' panels or otherwise in tegrally, or they may be cut into seginents'of desired ormsfand used as decoration. very attractive checker-board eiiect may be produced (see Fig. 8'), either :1s-ornamentation solely, suitable for trays, *alls' and otherwise, or `forfactual employment as a.

checlreiboa'rd. n This is .accon'iplished by taking aplateaftei" formingthe pattern thereon' and cutting lthe patterned plate into f squares of equal size, and then coating them alternately with two dili'ere'nt ground colors CZ; By reassembling the pieces vin their original relation, on a suitable support, a checker board is provided of a unique appearanfe, having a continuous or homogeneous pattern of veins .or filigree extending throughout. Ir desired further, a border ot different appearancey may be formed by cutting therein segments of different shape from that of the checks and giving these a grouml 'color different romboth those used yon the checks.` K l The .consistency of the color medium'in some Lmeasure determines the degree o't sharpness inthe patterns formed in the course of separation of the plates, but vwith aV proper consistency, the design produced ivill havedelicate gradationsin part, and more or less sharp line in other parts it the speed of separation isprope'rly governed. Also, if, in the course ot separation ot the plates, a slight- :relative 'vibration imparted to them, transversely to the mean plane between, a delicate'ridging is pro! duced in the gradations and' tolloiving the contours 'of the patterns., This vibration Imay be produced-by oscillating the instrument used to separate the plates. A further variety may be' attained by giving the plates al slight rotary movement yrelatively during the process of separation'. Also, b'y sitting dry pulverized rpigment la? otA contrasting color uponthevplates betor'e or atter appli cation of the color in which the pattern is to be produced, and after thev plates have been pressed together, giving them a slight relative turn one way and then back, before separation, additional novel ell'ects may be produced'. The rotary movement should not ordinarily beo'ver 5 Orl() degrees.

Instead ot'lnickingv a plate Virith a `round color after the formation ol a pattern, it may be'coatcd with a trauspi'ufent varnish c, and used as a light forwind '\vs, partitions or screens, and 4otherwise as may be desired.

Further, in case it'is desired to grain or ornament a: surface o'n an opaque body g it may be given an initial ground color, or itsrown material utilized as the ground. The initial color being dried with a smooth surface, it is then 'coveredwith a medium suit-` able for forming the pattern, and a flexible metal plate, or a glass plate laid thereon Whichit desired may also be coated lonits contacting surface ivithl the. same pattern color. This plate is then separated from the body to 'be ornamented'with the desired motion' in"accordaiicey with the method already described, producing the pattern. This may then be covered' with farnish c or other 4protection'(see'F-ig. 7) v vIt is also vpossibleto torni tlepattern by rolling'aflarge roller over the surfaces upon which a' pattern istobe formed, fthe roller and the surfaces being first coated. with a lili color medium of proper consistency to cause the 'formation of the pattern by the separa.- tion ot the roller surface from that of the ornamented body.. -Rollers of small diameter will produce `small ligured patterns, While rollers of large diameter Will produce larger pattern details.

A very attractive puzzle may be formed by my method, by forming' a pattern on a plate, and then cutting' it into small sen'- ments to be matched so as to produce the original pattern. In the production of these, the plate would have a flexible and easily torn backing f secured thereto, and a glass cutter employed to form the lines of cleavage, after which the plate is manipulated so as to cleave the parts Without separation from the backing. They would then be held in position so that the purchaser or recipient could observe the complete desie'n. after which the segments would be torn apart, and the reconstruction of the piece then attempted. If desired, a blueprint of the original pattern could be taken 'from the plate and supplied with the puzzle after separation of the segments, and this would obfiate the necessity t'or the use oi the flexible backing.

It is found that. slonhdryine' paints assureA the secure and permanent adhesion ot the color medium to the glass, and therefore, while a, moderate proportion of turpentine may be utilized in modulating' the viscosity o1' consistency oit the mediums, a .liberal amount of linseed oil is also employed7 without special driers.

In order to produce color blendine's ot multitarious character, it is possible to siitt dry pondered pigments onto the medium parent glass also largely determines the etl'ect, as to color harmony.

In the separation of the plates, the speed with which they are separated affects the quality of the design. As a rule it is desirable to elfect the separation more slowly When thick paints are used than When thin Inediums are employed. However, it is sometimes preferable to effect more rapid separation With a given medium than at other times. Thus, it is possible by rapid separa tion7 employing a moderately thick medium, to cause a softening' of the outlines and the formation of a slight iilm over the parts which would be clear when slonT separation is employed.

The movement ot the color medium in forming` the patterns may be in part or wholly due to capillary attraction, though the tendency to the production of a vacuum between the plates as separated undoubtedly results in some effect by the pressure ot the air. l

A'tter sitting' oit dry color thereon the movement of the color medium incident to separation of the plates or other surfaces results in the diilusion tor limited distances ot each small or large unit ot the sitted color. The dry pigi'nent powder may be applied otherwise than by sitting', the method being' determined by the cha acter oit etlect desired.

It may also be found desirable to use more than one color in the pattern 'orn'iinr' medium or coating.

That is claimed r- The method of formine a mosaic consisting in coating a body with a pattern color medium, applying another closely fitting body thereto and separating the two to cause a coniig'uration ot the color medium, then separating the body into segments, applying diti'erent ground colors to respective segrments, then. assembling' the segments in their original relation to `torm a ctmtimious sur-V tace.

In testimony whereof I have aliixed my 

